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Washington, D.C. will end the routine shackling of juvenile defendants during court appearances, according to an agreement among political leaders and judges in the city’s federally run court systems. At least a dozen states have banned the routine use of shackles on juveniles, a practice considered by many in the field to be inhumane and counterproductive. The Justice Policy Institute, a MacArthur grantee, and the Foundation’s National Campaign to Reform State Juvenile Justice Systems supported efforts surrounding this reform.